How to treat grapes in spring against pests and diseases: products and preparations

Vineyards are planted not only in southern latitudes. The crop is successfully grown in northern regions and middle zoneIt can thrive and produce fruit in a variety of climates, but requires careful and consistent care. If grown improperly, it can become susceptible to diseases. To prevent these, regularly treat the grapes with folk remedies or chemicals.

Why do you need to treat and spray grapes in the spring?

Spring grape care involves the use of effective chemicals. These effectively repel insects and destroy fungal spores in the early stages. If you spray the crop promptly, the pathogens will be destroyed immediately. This will prevent further problems and help save the future harvest.

Treat grapes from pests and diseases It's essential to use knowledgeable techniques. Before choosing a spray, you need to know what diseases and insects are likely to appear in your garden. Grapevines are most often susceptible to:

• downy mildew;
• different types of rot;
• cancer of bacterial origin;
• anthracnose;
• chlorosis;
• spotting.

The vine is subject to attacks from the following pests:

• phylloxera;
• weevils;
• tick;
• leaf rollers.

Processing time and optimal timing

Spraying grapes in spring is done at specific times. The first treatment should be carried out after removing winter covers. In early April, the crop is treated with antifungal agents. It's important to spray not only the trunk itself and all the bends of the vine, but also the surrounding soil, where dangerous fungal spores actively develop.

The next treatment is carried out around mid-April, when the insects begin to emerge. The plant should be sprayed with insecticides to prevent the insects from damaging the budding buds. If the plant is heavily infested, repeat the treatment 10 days later.

After flowering has ceased, apply the final treatment in the third ten days of the month. For this, mix the insecticide with the fungicide, checking their compatibility.

Biological agents

These preparations are more humane than chemicals. They contain beneficial fungi (saprophytes) and Bacillus subtilis. grapes in spring from diseasesThese substances destroy almost all pathogenic fungi and microorganisms.

Fitosporin

Fitosporin combats late blight, root rot, rust, and powdery mildew. Before use, dilute 1 tablespoon of Fitosporin in 10 liters of water.

Trichodermin

The beneficial fungus in Trichodermin helps convert plant and animal waste into inorganic matter. It is used to treat 60 different diseases, including powdery mildew, downy mildew, and late blight. Dilute 50 ml of Trichodermin in 10 liters of water. Let the water settle and warm to room temperature beforehand. Treat the vines only after the leaves have sprouted. The interval between sprays is 10 to 20 days.

Actofit

The substance consists of naturally occurring toxins. Actofit is used to treat plants affected by grape leaf rollers and spider mites. Dilute 20 ml of the solution in 10 liters of water.

Chemicals

How spray the grapes What if other treatments are ineffective in the spring? Toxic yet effective chemical compounds can help. When used correctly, they won't harm plants and will quickly help control diseases and pests.

Copper sulfate

The results of its use are impressive even for experienced gardeners. Sometimes, expensive preparations are less effective. Copper sulfate destroys all types of pathogenic fungi, but for proper treatment, it must be prepared correctly:

• pour 300 g of quicklime into an iron bucket;
• pour in water - 2 l;
• mix
• move away from the container, as it will start to boil;
• place copper sulfate in another bucket - 300 g;
• pour in heated water - 8 l;
• stir until a thick mixture is obtained;
• add it to the lime;
• mix again;
• strain.

Ferrous sulfate

Experienced gardeners know how to spray grapes in the spring before bud break. A solution of ferrous sulfate is used for this purpose. It helps protect grapes from mildew, anthracnose, and any rot. Once buds open, the plant is susceptible to spring frosts. Ferrous sulfate slows bud break, helping the plant conserve its strength and preventing the damaging effects of cold. Dilute 0.5 kg of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water and apply to the grapes after removing their winter covering.

Bordeaux mixture

Bordeaux mixture combats all types of fungal diseases of grapes, including all types of rot and anthracnose. The solution is applied before bud break (2-3%). Grapes are also treated with Bordeaux mixture during the flowering period, reducing its concentration to 0.5-1%. The solution slows down the growth of the crop, so its frequent use is not recommended.

Urea

Urea, or carbamide, is half nitrogen. Grapes are treated in the spring as a fertilizer. It enriches the soil with nutrients and also kills fungi and harmful insects. Urea is effective against scab, and if the grapes are infested with copperheads and caterpillars, there's no better remedy. The solution is prepared by dissolving 700 g of the substance in 10 liters of water.

Ridomil and quadris

Ridomil and Quadris are non-toxic but effective against many types of fungi, including rot, spotting, rubella, and downy mildew. Due to their low toxicity, these products are harmless to bumblebees and honeybees, allowing them to pollinate the plant without any problems. Pathogenic fungi are destroyed within 24 hours of application.

Colloidal sulfur

Helps control anthracnose, spider mites, and powdery mildew. Its effectiveness is enhanced when combined with copper-containing fungicides.

Folk remedies

Horsetail and garlic are effective folk remedies. They help combat fungi and even mildew. You'll need a strong decoction of 75 g of garlic or horsetail per 10 liters of water. Mites can also be killed with a potato top decoction: pour 2 kg of potato tops into 10 liters of water.

Onion peels are a good preventative measure. They prevent the growth of fungal spores. They can be used both before and after the vines bloom. To prepare the infusion, take a 10-liter bucket and fill it halfway with peels. Simmer the mixture over low heat for 20 minutes. After boiling, let it steep for 24 hours, then add a tablespoon of honey, bring the water volume to 10 liters, and strain.

Processing grapes in early spring after opening

After the grapevines are uncovered for the winter, they are pruned and the bushes are cleared of debris. The entire area where the vines grow should be treated with a 3% Bordeaux mixture or Ridomil. Any readily available solution will do. fungicides: DNOC, copper or iron sulfate. Onion peels are often used as a folk remedy (the method for preparing a decoction is described above).

Processing grapes in spring after bud break and foliage appears

After the buds open and green leaves appear, spray the grapevines with Ridomil or a soda-containing solution. Soda solutions are popular because they quickly kill caterpillars. Here's a simple recipe for one:

• take some baking soda and flour in equal proportions;
• stir;
• dilute in water;
• spray the grapes immediately.

You can also use a dry mixture without adding water.

Another popular chemical product is "Horus." It's used for both therapeutic and preventative purposes. It's easy to prepare: mix 2 grams of the product in a large bucket of water. As always, spraying should be done in cloudy weather.

Processing grapes in spring before and during flowering

How to treat grapes during and before flowering? Gardeners spray the vines with "Agat 25-K" (at a rate of 1 g per 5 liters of water). The vines should be treated immediately after diluting the solution. If the vines are not infested by insects during this period, no further treatment is necessary.

Spring treatment after flowering

After flowering, the vines are sprayed with both chemicals and folk remedies. For example, dissolve 50 g of baking soda in 10 liters of water. You can also add a little liquid soap—15 g. A chemical solution called "Tiovit Jet" is suitable. To prepare it, dissolve 50 g of the substance in 3 liters of water, stir thoroughly, and bring the volume to 10 liters. This solution helps get rid of powdery mildew and all types of spider mites.

Spring treatment against powdery mildew

This disease is called oidium. It causes fruit rot and deterioration of the shrub's appearance. There are several ways to combat powdery mildew:

• Ash infusion: half a bucket of ash per 7 liters of water. Let the solution steep for 24 hours or boil for 20 minutes. After boiling, add a little soap to the ash and dilute the mixture with warm water in a 1:1 ratio.
• Milk solution - 1 liter of milk is diluted with 10 liters of water. The solution is used immediately;
• soap and soda composition - at the rate of 20 g of soap and 20 g of soda per large bucket of water.

Common mistakes

Proper grapevine treatment requires strict adherence to the timing and application schedule—otherwise, it will be ineffective. Solutions must be prepared carefully. Failure to maintain proper concentrations can damage the grapes. It's also important not to let a disease develop and hope the vines will recover on their own. If insects or fungi infest a large area of ​​the vine, the treatment process will be delayed, and there won't be any harvest.

Reviews

Valentina (Krasnodar):

"After the leaves emerged, caterpillars appeared on the grapevine. I didn't want to "poison" the grapes with chemicals since there weren't many caterpillars. I used a folk remedy. I took a handful of flour and a handful of baking soda, mixed them, added water, and sprayed the vines. After the first application, the caterpillars decreased, and after the second, they completely disappeared. I believe that if you have a small pest infestation, you can take the trouble to use ingredients you can easily find in your kitchen."

Svetlana (Gelendzhik):

"I bought a dacha in a low-lying area, and the plot was neglected. Several unkempt grape vines were infected with fungus in many places. A neighbor recommended treating them with copper sulfate. I diluted the solution as directed and thoroughly sprayed all the vines. After a while, the vines began to recover and revive before my eyes. Copper sulfate works wonderfully, but you need to carefully follow the proportions when diluting it, and it's quite time-consuming. But the process is worth it!"

Grapes are a sensitive crop, although they grow in many places. To ensure a good harvest, it's important to observe the correct treatment times and regularly inspect the vines for fungi and harmful insects.