What is iontoponics and how is it used in seedling cultivation?

Growing seedlings and houseplants doesn't require traditional soil. Scientists have discovered other, more promising methods for growing plants. One of them is iontoponics. This technology combines an artificial synthetic substrate with regular soil. The method was developed by Belarusian scientists. Substrates with ion-exchange properties are currently being produced in Baranovichi and Staraya Kupavna.

The difference between iontoponics and other methods

Ionitoponics was initially developed for growing plants at Arctic stations, submarines, spacecraft, and in other extreme conditions. Several years ago, Belarusian and Russian scientists adapted this technology for domestic use.

When growing seedlings and flowers using the iontoponic method, an ion-exchange material is used instead of a conventional substrate. This method simplifies crop care and stimulates growth and development. With an ionic substrate, there is no need to transplant seedlings, weed, loosen the soil, or add fertilizer.

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The main difference between iontoponics and other methods is the use of special substrates. These retain nutrients for a long time and gradually release them to the plant's root system, replacing them with metabolic products. Therefore, ordinary water is used for irrigation, without the addition of mineral fertilizers. Soil moistening is essential in this case. An aqueous medium is necessary for ion exchange.

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The rate of nutrient consumption is influenced by several factors:

• lighting level;
• air temperature;
• humidity;
• seedling development phase.

Planting in an ion-exchange substrate

To grow plants using the iontoponic method, use ordinary clay pots, seedling boxes, and other containers without large holes in the bottom. Line the bottom with foam, polyurethane foam, fine nylon mesh, or fiberglass. These materials allow moisture to pass through well but prevent the ion exchange substrate from being washed out.

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A special loose soil for iontoponics is used. It is mixed in equal parts with fine expanded clay or coarse quartz sand, free of impurities. This medium creates favorable conditions for moisture and aeration, simplifying and accelerating rooting. Containers are filled with the prepared substrate. Furrows are made on the surface at 4 cm intervals and 3 cm deep. Seeds are planted or cuttings are placed in these furrows.

Ion-exchange soil is rich in nutrients. Therefore, seedlings do not require replanting or repotting. Houseplants can be grown in this soil for 2-3 years without replanting. This environment prevents pests and infections, eliminating the need for chemical treatments. Plant care involves pruning, pinching, removing faded flowers, and tying them to a support.

Ionitoponics is a new and exciting trend in agribusiness. This method simplifies the cultivation of seedlings and houseplants. The substrate used contains all the necessary nutrients. Therefore, seedlings grow quickly without the need for additional fertilizers.