Why do you need a greenhouse at your dacha?
A greenhouse is more than just a structure for growing plants; it's an ideal way to extend the growing season and provide fresh vegetables and herbs year-round. During the cold and slushy seasons, a greenhouse becomes a true haven for gardeners. According to our surveys of participants at "growwise-en.techinfus.com," over 70% of gardeners consider a greenhouse an essential element of their gardening. When discussing the advantages of a greenhouse, the ability to create a favorable microclimate for plants immediately comes to mind. Temperature and humidity are controlled more effectively inside a greenhouse than outdoors. Furthermore, a greenhouse protects plants from pests and adverse weather conditions such as rain, hail, or strong winds. These factors are especially important for those looking to solve the problem of fresh vegetable shortages during the winter or extend the shelf life of their harvest. However, it's important to remember that a greenhouse requires careful consideration when choosing its design and materials. Incorrect decisions can result in your investment not meeting your expectations. Therefore, it's important to consider all the nuances before deciding to build a greenhouse on your property.
Types of greenhouses: from simple to complex
There are many types of greenhouses to suit the diverse needs of gardeners. Each type has its own characteristics, which are worth exploring in more detail.
Hinged greenhouses
Hinged structures are relatively simple and easy to assemble. They are typically made of a metal frame covered with film or polycarbonate. This type of greenhouse is advantageous because it is easy to assemble, even without special tools. However, it's important to keep in mind that hinged greenhouses are less resistant to strong gusts of wind.
Flat greenhouses
Flat greenhouses also have their advantages. They can be made from a variety of materials, such as glass, polycarbonate, and film. Flat structures are more wind-resistant, but they require careful ventilation to prevent overheating.
Arched greenhouses
Arched structures are generally the most common option. They are made of metal arches and covered with polycarbonate or film. They are less susceptible to damage from strong winds and snow, but require a more careful approach to the foundation. Arched greenhouses also capture sunlight well, making them ideal for colder regions.
Selecting materials for a greenhouse
Selecting materials is one of the most important steps in building a greenhouse. Let's look at the most popular options.
Glass
Glass is a traditional material, favored by many for its transparency and durability. It transmits light well and provides a favorable microclimate inside the greenhouse. However, glass is quite expensive and requires careful maintenance, as it is prone to breakage.
Polyethylene film
Polyethylene film is one of the most economical options. It's easy to install and replace, and it provides excellent protection for plants from adverse weather conditions. However, it has two major drawbacks: it's not durable and can be torn by strong winds or hail.
Polycarbonate
Polycarbonate is one of the most popular modern materials. It offers excellent thermal insulation properties and good strength. Polycarbonate greenhouses can withstand heavy loads, such as snow. Furthermore, this material transmits light well and protects plants from UV rays. However, it's worth noting that polycarbonate also comes in varying quality, so it's important to carefully consider its characteristics when choosing.
How to choose a greenhouse design
Choosing a design is an important step that depends on your personal preferences, budget, and the conditions offered.
We determine the size
The first thing to consider when designing a greenhouse is its size. According to our research, the average greenhouse length is currently 6 to 12 meters, and the width is 3 to 4 meters. These dimensions allow for comfortable plant placement and free movement within the greenhouse. When choosing the size, keep in mind the expected harvest and plant growth schedule.
We determine the location
Choosing the location of the greenhouse is also quite important. Ideally, it should be located in a well-lit area protected from the wind. The best orientation is south or southeast.
Greenhouse foundation
The foundation is the base on which your greenhouse will stand. It must be strong and stable. The main foundation options are strip, columnar, or pile. The choice depends on the soil type and the greenhouse design. For example, if your dacha is located on damp soil, a pile foundation is best.
Greenhouse climate control
Creating a comfortable microclimate for plants is not only key to their growth but also an opportunity to minimize the use of chemicals. The key aspects to consider are ventilation, heating, and lighting.
Ventilation
Ventilation is key to plant health. It helps prevent overheating and excess moisture. Let's look at various methods: automatic vents, retractable windows, and special fans. Automatic systems are increasingly used and are demonstrating good results.
Heating
Winter is a time when a greenhouse requires special attention. Various heating methods exist, from simple heater-based systems to complex, coordinated systems using hydronic heating. Smart, temporary heating can not only maintain the desired temperature but also reduce energy costs.
Lighting
During the first months of spring, it's important to provide plants with sufficient light. Bright bulbs can significantly help with this, especially when combined with fluorescent grow lights. Choose fixtures with adjustable light intensity for the best results.
Greenhouse Maintenance: Tips and Recommendations
To ensure your greenhouse serves you well and lasts a long time, it requires regular maintenance. Here are some recommendations based on our experience and surveys.
Regular cleaning and disinfection
The high humidity and heat inside the greenhouse create ideal conditions for the growth of fungi and bacteria. Therefore, it's important to regularly clean the greenhouse of plant debris and disinfect it periodically. We recommend using copper sulfate-based solutions or special sprays.
Maintaining a healthy microclimate
Remember to monitor temperature and humidity. Too much humidity can lead to plant diseases, while too little can lead to frost. Use hygrometers and thermometers to monitor these parameters.
State of the structures
Regularly inspect the condition of the greenhouse frame, windows, doors, and other structures. Any damage should be repaired immediately to prevent more serious problems.
Summing up
A greenhouse is a wonderful tool for those who want to pursue their passion in their own backyard. You can choose the design and materials based on the recommendations provided, tailored to your preferences and budget. Creating a comfortable microclimate and regular maintenance will help you reap a bountiful harvest. I hope this article is helpful, and you'll be able to bring your greenhouse ideas to life!