Korinka Russian grapes: characteristics and description of the variety, cultivation

The Korinka Russkaya grape is a seedless variety with a very early ripening period. It is relatively easy to care for, produces good yields, and the resulting bunches have excellent marketability. Thanks to these qualities, Korinka stands apart from other Kishmish-type grapes and those that ripen very early.

General description

Korinka Russkaya was developed by I.M. Filippenko and L.T. Shtin, breeders from the Tambov region, who skillfully crossed Kishmish Cherny and Zarya Severa. Korinka's distinctive feature is its ultra-early harvest. Ripe bunches begin to be harvested as early as July, while the berries of most varieties are just beginning to fill with juice. The growing season lasts an average of 115 days. Korinka inherited its parents' good disease resistance and good frost resistance. And although in the central regions of the country, it is preferable to keep grapes under cover during the winter, gardeners note that the plant can withstand temperatures as low as -25 degrees Celsius without harm.

The plant begins bearing fruit in the third year after planting. The variety's peak productivity occurs between 5 and 8 years of age. After that, yields decline slightly. Rejuvenation pruning, which involves cutting back shoots, can improve yields.

Variety It has good survival rates. Cuttings can root quickly in virtually any soil and on any rootstock.

Biological characteristics of the variety

Grape The Russian currant is an indeterminate plant, sometimes reaching three meters in height. The bush is heavily branched, characterized by rapid shoot growth and rapid maturation. The foliage is medium-sized, dark green, matte, with yellow or light green veins, and slightly pubescent. The leaves are five-lobed and dissected.

Each shoot produces 2-3 small clusters weighing 200-300 grams. The clusters are truncated cone-shaped, often winged. The average yield per bush is 80 centners per hectare.

The plant's flowers are bisexual, meaning they contain both male and female organs, meaning they can pollinate independently, without the help of bees.

The berries are round, measuring 1 x 1 cm. The skin is firm, medium-firm, and crisp when bitten. Its color ranges from yellow-green to golden with a pinkish tan during biological ripeness. The flesh is firm but juicy with a pleasant, refreshing flavor. The characteristic aroma of the variety is absent. Korinka berries are seedless. Sugar content is 20-22%, and acidity is no more than 5 g/l.

Advantages of the variety:

The mother-and-son team rewarded Korinka with a number of benefits, including:

• almost 100% ripening of all shoots;
• the taste has an optimal combination of sugar and acid;
• high yield;
• universal use of berries (you can make wine or dry raisins);
• there are no peas in the bunches;
• there are no seeds in the fruits;
• High frost resistance, down to -25 degrees.

Flaws:

• low resistance to fungal diseases;
• susceptibility to attacks by flying insects.

Features of cultivation

Corinth is a grape that can be grow It can be grown both in open ground and in a greenhouse. This is especially true in the northern regions of the country. When grown in protected ground, the grapes begin to yield fruit as early as mid-July. Thanks to its good survival rate and rapid shoot growth, Korinka is suitable for cultivation in any region of the country. Fruiting bushes can be grown from seeds, as well as vegetatively – from cuttings or seedlings. If you plan to plant seedlings, it's best to choose one-year-old bushes with a developed root system that have always been kept indoors. The stems should be free of foliage – only clean, moist, dark-brown wood with two to three buds.

Grape seedlings are planted in individual deep holes, filled halfway with a fertile, loose mixture of turf, sand, peat, humus, and minerals. Before planting, the roots on the trunks are trimmed, and after planting, the branches are shortened by a third. The trunk is positioned so that the roots point downward. This is achieved by creating a small mound in the center of the hole, and spreading the roots along the slope. After filling with soil, the top layer is compacted and the first watering is performed.

Seedlings planted in spring have time to root well and the vines to mature by fall. However, even in southern regions, it is recommended to cover the bushes for the winter during the first year after planting.

Care

Corinthium has no special growing requirements. It thrives in full sun but also thrives in partial shade, yielding just as good a harvest as when grown in full sun.

Carrying out watering

Grapes don't tolerate excessive moisture, so watering should be done with caution. On average, a vineyard is watered every 14-18 days. During flowering and fruiting, watering can be less frequent, otherwise excess moisture can negatively impact the integrity of the berry skins. After watering, loosen the soil and remove weeds, which can be a source of disease.

Trimming

Particular attention should be paid to shaping and pruning the bush. Korinka is a vigorous, spreading shrub. It is best grown on a vertical trellis in a four-armed system. Bush shaping is carried out during the first two years—this is the time during which the main stem will develop fruiting vines. Along with pinching the shoots, it is important to relieve the bush of excess clusters. No more than two clusters should be left on any one shoot.

Top dressing

During the growing season, grapes are fed 3 times. The first time fertilizers are applied Early spring. To increase green mass, nitrogen-containing compounds are added to the soil at the end of April. This can include ammonium nitrate, urea, or organic matter such as diluted cow manure, bird droppings, or slurry. Before flowering, grapes require a dose of minerals, particularly phosphorus and potassium. At this time, a supplement of superphosphate and potassium chloride is applied. The third time, the bushes are fed with a complex mineral composition necessary for fruit ripening.

Protection from diseases and pests

Variety It's fairly well-protected against mildew and gray mold, but is susceptible to powdery mildew. Furthermore, the sweetness of the berries attracts hornets and wasps, which spoil the fruit and infect them with various diseases. You can protect the grapes from these harmful winged insects by covering the ripening bunches with netting. Treating the soil with Storm will help protect the vines from rodents. Alternatively, you can scatter insect and mouse poison around the vines.

To prevent infections, in early spring and autumn, preventative spraying with copper or iron sulfate is carried out.

The Corinthia's main enemy is powdery mildew. The fungus attacks all parts of the plant, starting with the foliage. During this time, the leaves begin to curl, and some shoots, especially young ones, stop growing. Leaves become coated with a white, dusty coating on both sides, and necrosis appears in some areas. Gradually, the disease spreads to the flowers and fruits, which are also covered in a powdery, whitish film. In subsequent stages, all affected areas darken, dry out, and die.

Fungal control is a comprehensive approach: adjusting temperature and humidity, implementing agronomic measures (weeding, loosening, and weed removal), thinning out dense areas, and removing severely damaged branches and inflorescences. At the same time, regular fungicide spraying is initiated. Sulfur-based products (such as Cabrio Top) are particularly toxic to fungal pathogens. If the infection has already begun to spread, the plants are treated with systemic agents such as Skorom, Topaz, and Rubigan. If powdery mildew has already been observed on plantings in previous years, early spring treatments with Hom, Horus, and Strobi are carried out.

Reviews

 Alexey

They say Korinka is an easy-to-grow variety. However, in the Leningrad region, it takes a lot of effort to grow a decent grape of this variety. Apparently, it's not adapted to frequent rainfall. In high humidity, it constantly gets sick. In one place, it rots, in another, it gets covered in brown spots, and in a third, the fruit falls off. I've sprayed it with everything, but no poison has helped. Eventually, it produces a harvest, but the result is meager. Overall, this variety, at least for me, is not suitable.

Nina

I've been growing Korinka grapes for many years. At first, there were problems with the grapes: wasps would eat the fruit, then powdery mildew would attack. But then I adapted to the plant's biology, and all the problems resolved themselves. I train them in two long branches that stretch along my fence. Growing them in four is very difficult, as the shoots grow very quickly and become woody, making pruning them a hassle. Otherwise, one branch grows in one direction, and the other in another. The grapes grow in full sun, preventing overwatering, as we get little rainfall in the summer. Mineral fertilizers are also important. And not just potassium and phosphorus, but complex mineral fertilizers, which grapes really love.

Conclusion

Despite the rather weak immunity, variety The Russian Korinka is quite widespread throughout Russia. It is also known in Poland, Belgium, and Canada. It is also known in the Baltic states. Its popularity is due to its versatile uses, quite good taste, and lack of special care requirements.