What disease does a pear have if its leaves turn brown, and how to treat it?

Pear

A change in the natural color of pear leaves indicates a problem. The cause could be scab, black canker, fruit rot, and so on. In each case, there are specific signs that help a gardener make a diagnosis.

It is necessary to act quickly, but one should not forget about the need to verify previously made conclusions.

Clinical manifestations of the disease

Black canker – although this pathology is more common on apple trees, gardeners shouldn't relax. The source of infection is microcracks and wounds on the bark surface. The first sign of the disease is small spots with a distinct purple or brown color. Within a few days, these spots will increase in size several times. After 2-3 weeks, the affected area will become distinctly black. If you palpate the bark surface, you can compare it to goosebumps.

Important!

A gardener who misses these symptoms on the tree bark will notice them on the leaves, which become covered with numerous black spots. Within 5-7 days, the pear blossom turns brown, and the pistil and stamen turn black. Black canker, which occurs in the final stage of vegetation, causes discoloration of the fruit, which becomes covered with a brown coating.

Botanists identify another disease that shares a similar developmental mechanism to black canker. Cytosporosis (cytosporosis) causes the bark to crack and dry out over several weeks. It can be identified by numerous reddish-brown spots. Throughout the disease's progression, the spots retain their original color. A second symptom can be detected by palpation. As soon as the damaged section of bark is removed, the piece will begin to wilt.

Fungal pathologies

Scab – the initial stage is the penetration of a parasitic fungus into the fruiting tissue. Young shoots and leaves are still under attack. Characteristic dark brown spots will alert you to something amiss. Within 3-4 days, they will turn a distinct black hue. Ignoring this symptom is crucial, otherwise, all the leaves will fall off within 1.5 weeks. A similarly tragic fate awaits the tree: within 3 weeks, it will become deformed.

Two to three days after the onset of the fungal infection's active phase, the leaves develop a distinct velvety coating. Over time, the affected areas will only expand. As the fungus approaches the fruit, numerous cracks appear. Even one infected tree can pose a potential problem for the entire garden, so delay is essential. Consistent, damp weather will greatly accelerate the spread of scab.

Fruit rot is another type of fungal disease that causes pear leaves to turn brown. All stone fruit plants are at risk. Once the pathogen has established itself on the tree, the leaves develop characteristic brownish-brown spots. The next stage is the appearance of a mycelial cushion consisting of numerous spores. This can be identified by the presence of concentric circles nearby.

Important!

Gardeners risk losing their harvest within a few days. After the leaves, the fungus gradually spreads to the fruit. The fruit changes color both inside and out. The flesh takes on a distinct brown tint.

Functional pathologies

Subcutaneous spot is another reason why pear leaves and fruits die. The first sign is the appearance of small spots and dents on the fruit. The more hard cells appear in the fruit, the faster it dies. The affected area turns brown. Within a few days, a significant change in the fruit's shape is observed. Once the leaves and fruits are affected by subcutaneous spot, the disease attacks the tree's bark, causing it to crack. Three to four weeks after the onset of the active phase, the pear loses its ability to bear fruit.

Therapeutic methods

Once a gardener has identified the cause of a pear tree's deterioration, immediate action is necessary. Precise selection of treatments and dosages is the key to success.

Disease	Methods of control
Black crayfish	All branches and bark areas affected by the disease must be removed immediately. Every crack should be treated with garden pitch. The next step is to spray the pear tree with a 1.5% copper sulfate solution.
Scab	All affected areas of bark should be immediately cut off and burned, otherwise the pathogen will re-attack the tree. Spray the tree every five days with a 1.5% copper sulfate solution. At least twice a year (at the beginning of the growing season and after), spray trees in the garden with a mixture of 200 g of lime and 1.5% copper sulfate.
Cytosporosis	The course of treatment is 100% the same as the method for eliminating black cancer.
Fruit rot	Fungal diseases require a comprehensive approach. All affected fruits, leaves, and bark should be removed and burned. Spray with a 1.5% copper sulfate solution every three weeks. During harvest, care should be taken not to damage the bark. As a preventative measure, inspect the tree and fruit every three weeks.
Subcutaneous spotting	It develops as a result of improper care. Gardeners must strictly adhere to the pruning rules and schedule for their chosen variety. All pruning procedures must be performed using disinfected tools. If the tree is already infected, it must be removed and burned. Otherwise, the virus will destroy all crops.

Botanists recommend planting hardy pear varieties in your garden. When choosing, consider the region's climate.

https://youtu.be/4S6HWI1OmOE

The list of varieties with high immunity rates is as follows:

"August dew";
"Severianka";
"In Memory of Yakovlev";
Tikhonovka;
"Fragrant."

Each variety has a specific yield level and fruit ripening period.

Changes in leaf shape and color indicate a tree disease or pest infestation. In each case, a set of external signs is needed to make a diagnosis. Gardeners must act quickly and correctly. The sooner the source of the problem is identified, the faster it can be eliminated. Regular preventative tree inspections can help reduce the risk of crop loss. Pay attention to the bark, leaves, branches, and fruit.