Plum Pests and Diseases: Photos, Descriptions, and Treatments

Plum

Description diseases plums With photographs And ways their treatment will help cure tree And fruit. Besides this, necessary know V face such enemy, How pests, which Also lead To death cultures And harvest. For beginners V this question will help video With step by step description process.

Diseases plums: reasons And treatment

Necessary get acquainted Not only With diseases plums And ways struggle With them, A And With reasons their occurrence. If Right define, Why tree got sick, That probability his healing And salvation from death is increasing.

Fungal diseases plums

This view diseases transmitted from cultures To culture. Ideal conditions For development fungus - thick foliage And overwatering soil. Period active distribution fungal disputes have to on wet And warm summer. They are hiding V tissues plants And create mycelium. IN result tree fast will collapse, because mushrooms feed on roots, fruits And foliage. For their treatment will be needed fungicides.

Coccomycosis

This view fungus amazes V basically foliage, Sometimes from him suffer roots And fruits. Reasons occurrence are hidden V reduced immune system tree And strong humidity. Symptoms diseases:

emergence on sheets of paper red—brown or purple—purple spots. By measure increases They they are starting merge;
pubescence on reverse side becomes white—pink shade;
foliage turns yellow And turns brown, after what falls off;
fruit dry out Not developed.

IN quality methods struggle necessary collect fruits And process plum tree Bordeaux liquid V concentrations 1%.

Attention!

The drug can also be replaced with 1% copper oxychloride.

Cope with With coccomycosis will help Also deliverance from fallen foliage, because she is place wintering pathogen fungus. In the fall will be needed dig up priming near trunk.

Rust

Appears V July And amazes crown trees. Culture, affected rust, is weakening before frosts from—for reduced immunity. Cause her occurrence V plant anemone (anemone). She is distributor fungal disputes, which winter on her rhizomes.

Detect fungus it's not difficult: on leaves are formed spots brown colors. If during Not begin treatment, That They gradually will turn into V pillows — carriers dispute. IN result leaves will crumble, A fungus V them will survive winter.

Brown spotting

Disease more it's called gnomonism. From her suffer many cultures, And she Maybe destroy half harvest. Reasons occurrence are hidden V unfavorable weather conditions, reduced immunity. Spreading disputes is happening ordinary by way: their are being carried around birds, wind, other plants.

Signs fungus:

red—brown spots With purple edges in the spring;
leaves With both sides covered black dots;
spots are increasing And V in the end capture all leaflet, which twists And falls off;
fruit are spoiling, Not ripened.

Get rid of from diseases it's not difficult. Before vegetative period necessary spray tree solution copper copper sulfate V concentrations 1 %. For his preparations will be needed 100 G substances on bucket water. After completion flowering will be needed spray plum 1% Bordeaux liquid. IN case strong infection will be needed repeated processing for 14—20 days to collection harvest. IN purposes prevention necessary dig up land, during take away And destroy fallen foliage.

Pockets plums

Pathogen diseases - gymnosaccharomycetes mushroom. IN result fruit become saccular. Wintering fungal dispute passes cracks V core.

Notice Can first signs pocket drain Can V flow long-term cold spring With increased level humidity. Disputes fungus penetrate V flower And amaze his, V in the end amazed And ovaries.

Signs gymnosacral mushroom V deformations And damage cream. IN them He is growing And is developing. Affected fruit Not have bones And fall off. Before those, How abyss, on them will appear wax raid.

Therapy consists of V:

Sanitary pruning, produced in autumn.
Burning affected branches V June.
Collection And destruction rotten fruits. Do This follows to distribution fungus.
Spraying Bordeaux liquid V concentrations 3%. Conduct procedure follows three times: to blooming kidneys, before And after flowering. IN latest two cases means should be 1%.

If Not begin treat tree, That pockets plums will destroy half fruits.

Clusterosporiasis

Affected illness turn out to be aboveground Part tree. They overwinter disputes on shoots plums And kidneys, V wounds. They are spreading They through garden tool, insects, air.

Signs Clusterosporiosis such:

on leaves are formed spots brown colors With red border oval forms. Their diameter 0,5 cm;
with time instead of them are formed holes;
spots There is And on shoots;
cracked bark;
dried up leaves;
blackened kidneys;
crumbled flowers;
on fruits appear spots, from which Vaftermath flows gum;
decrease AndYoudrying cream.

Moniliosis stone fruits

Moniliosis plums - disease, which fully it's called monilial burn stone fruits. But gardeners nicknamed her gray rot. His pathogen - fungus Monilia, which winters on shoots And uncollected cream. If tree got sick, That it Maybe perish.

Reasons diseases stone fruits are hidden V differences temperatures. Fungal disputes penetrate V plant through pestle And With current time amazes all plum. Recognize availability fungus Can By like this symptoms:

dry out flowers And adjacent To him leaves;
branches crack And from them flows out thick liquid;
sick tree looks like How burnt;
brown And sluggish shoots, on core appear thickenings;
fruit from flowers appear, But They already amazed;
cream they are starting rot on branches;
on peel appear thickenings gray colors.

They are processing plum iron copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid V concentrations 1%. Rotten fruit follows take off And again spray tree. In avoid diseases foliage, branches And fruits, which fell, necessary collect And burn. Besides this, need to cover up wounds on core, whitewash standard.

Witch's broom

IN place defeats suffer All parts plants. Cause diseases - damage tree various sources. To define availability fungus, necessary take a closer look To plum. There, Where appeared disputes, shoots appear thin And infertile, A branched remind broom. On sick branches leaves become small And crumble. IN at the end summer season on them is formed raid gray shade.

Interesting!

The fungus has such an unusual name because gardeners used to believe that problems with shoots were the work of witches.

Treat So: required damaged shoots cut off And burn. A itself tree spray to education kidneys 3%-Ouch Bordeaux liquid. After completion flowering need to spraying means, But already V concentrations 1%.

Milky shine

Milky shine Maybe to strike branches, V result They die off, A then And itself tree. Infection transmitted from plants To plant. Most vulnerable plums With damaged bark And which in winter frozen.

Define availability fungal infections Can By leaves, changing mine color on silver, A then break down And dry out. Bark it's getting dark And on her plates is formed fungus width 3 cm different flowers.
Treatments none No, no folk means, no chemicals, That's why disease counts one from dangerous. To avoid sad consequences, required acquire seedlings at verified nurseries, Always whiten trunk, insulate their on winter.

Fruit rot

The symptoms resemble gray mold, but it affects only the fruit. Plums are affected by damp weather with prolonged rainfall. As a result, gray spots form on the fruit, which quickly spread and affect the entire plum. The first symptoms can be noticed in mid-summer, when birds and worms feed on the fruit.

Treatment requires a 1% Bordeaux mixture. After removing infected fruit, wash your hands immediately and thoroughly. Otherwise, you could spread the fungus to healthy trees.

Sooty mold

Sooty mold is commonly known as "black mold." The pathogens form columns on the foliage. The fungal growth prevents normal photosynthesis, weakening the plant. The fungal spores, which form in damp conditions, are spread by parasites. Branches and leaves become covered with a black coating that can be easily wiped off.

Sooty mold can be controlled by spraying with a soap-copper solution. To do this, dissolve 140 grs of laundry soap and 5 g of copper sulfate in a bucket of water. To prevent this, it's important to prevent foliage from becoming overgrown and eliminate pests promptly.

Infectious viral diseases of plum

Infectious diseases and their treatment methods deserve special attention. This is because they are almost untreatable. Insects are the carriers of viruses.

Plum pox (sharka)

Gardeners often call plum pox. This disease can cause the foliage to become covered in spots and stripes. This disease is widespread in central Russia and the southern regions. Plums are infected by insects, particularly aphids. It can also be spread by gardening tools.

You can tell if a tree is infected by its fruit. Spots form on them, affecting the flesh down to the bone. The taste also changes. Gradually, the spots become sunken. Affected plums ripen prematurely, fall, or remain hanging dry on the branches. The most drastic control measure is burning the plants.

Scab

Plum scab is a dangerous disease caused by pathogenic fungi and bacteria. As a result, foliage, twigs, and branches are affected, significantly reducing yields. Plum scab is common in temperate climates. It causes olive-colored, round spots with a slight velvety coating to form on the leaves.

Attention!

The number of spots, as well as their size, may vary depending on the weather, age of the tree, and variety.

Causes of the disease:

excessive soil moisture;
dense planting;
similar crops grow nearby;
susceptibility of weed to disease.

To combat scab, it is necessary to constantly carry out preventative measures: remove and burn affected leaves and shoots, whitewash the trunk, prune the plum tree in a timely manner, and properly feed and treat it.

Prevention should be done in spring and autumn.

Non-communicable diseases

This type of disease occurs as a result of improper agricultural practices. If proper care is not provided, problems will arise that cannot be corrected with existing chemicals.

Gum flow

This disease is also known as gummosis. It primarily affects stone fruit plants. It is non-infectious, but still dangerous. If this problem is not addressed promptly, the plum tree will die.

Gum flow affects plants that have been frozen during the winter, or are infected with fungus or other diseases. This often indicates excess moisture or increased soil acidity. The problem can be identified by drops of translucent resin, which makes the tree appear to be weeping.

Drying out

This occurs when the conditions necessary for normal plum growth are not met. Causes of drying include high groundwater levels, gum flow, soil acidity, and freezing. The problem can be identified by the foliage—it's drying out.

The disease can be cured by eliminating the factors that led to it. Furthermore, it's important to follow proper agricultural practices. However, if the tree is severely affected, it must be removed.

Parasites: causes and control

Besides the plum tree's disease problems, there's another threat: parasites. It's important to know the plum tree pests and how to control them. There are many insects that harm the tree, so it's important to know what they look like. Pictures of these pests can help.

Gall mite

This parasite is pink or purple. It causes damage by nesting in columns of 400 mites, feeding on tree sap. Red growths in affected areas are a sign of parasite activity.

To get rid of pests, several treatments with colloidal sulfur are necessary after flowering. If the infestation is widespread, shoots should be cut off and burned. Insecticides are effective at the initial stage of pest activity. For prevention, the tree should be sprayed promptly and the trunk whitewashed.

Plum codling moth

This parasite is a gray-brown moth. It lays its larvae in still-green fruits. The larvae consume all the pulp, causing the fruit to darken and fall prematurely.

To get rid of codling moths, preventative measures such as spraying with malathion are necessary. To reduce pest numbers, the soil should also be treated. This will destroy nests. Treat any existing damage with potassium permanganate and seal it with garden pitch.

Aphids on a tree

Insects are harmful to trees because they suck all the sap from them. As a result, the plant weakens, its shoot tips curl, growth slows, and the foliage dries up and falls off. A large colony of parasites can be seen on the underside of a leaf.

To treat the plum, apply aphid control products to the tree at the initial flowering stage. Repeat the treatment after 14 days. To get rid of the insect infestation, you need to properly care for the plum tree, loosen the soil, and promptly remove the "uninvited guests."

Hawthorn

This parasite is a large diurnal butterfly with a 65 mm wingspan. It is black and white, with visible black veins on its wings. The caterpillars of the hawthorn moth are black with orange stripes and hairy. They eat everything except the bark. As a result, the tree weakens and eventually dies.

To get rid of the butterfly, you can use the entire possible range of resources.

The caterpillars must be removed from the trees and the plum tree must be sprayed with preparations.
In the spring, you'll need to treat the plants with a urea and copper sulfate solution. To do this, mix 0.5 kg of urea and 100 g of copper sulfate in a bucket of liquid.
Before and after the growing season, spray the crop with insecticides.

For prevention, it is necessary to feed plum trees and inspect them regularly.

Prevention of diseases and pest damage

Diseases and pests significantly damage plants, reducing the number of healthy fruits, weakening the tree's immune system, and can even cause its death. Therefore, it's essential to prevent their occurrence in advance. This is achieved through preventative measures. This involves the use of chemicals and specialized agricultural techniques.

In early spring, prune and remove diseased shoots. Seal frost cracks with garden pitch. Dig over the soil around the trunk. Spray with 3% nitrafen.
During the flowering period, avoid using chemicals. A honey solution can be used. To prepare it, mix 30 g of the solution in a bucket of water. Micronutrient fertilizers are also allowed: 1 tablet or 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of liquid.
After the growing season, you will need 0.2% chlorophos, 0.4% copper sulfate and 0.5% copper oxychloride.
At the ripening stage, collect and dispose of the infected connection.
In the fall, collect weeds and fallen leaves, whitewash the trunk, and dig up the soil around the plant.
Repeat whitewashing in late autumn.

These procedures must be repeated regularly. If even one tree shows signs of infestation, it's important to take immediate action.

Gardeners often lose trees due to various diseases and insects. To avoid such consequences, it's important to be vigilant. Photos of plum tree diseases and pests will help beginners identify and treat them early.