Peppers for open ground in the Moscow region - description of the best varieties

Pepper

The climate of central Russia allows for the successful cultivation of various pepper varieties. However, good harvests are only possible with careful plant care and the correct selection of varieties and hybrids. While there are many available today, not all are suitable for cultivation in this region due to varying ripening times, temperature and humidity requirements, and other factors.

Detailed descriptions with photos will allow you to study the characteristics of each and give you an idea of the future harvest. However, when choosing, it's important to ensure the variety is resilient to sudden changes in weather conditions, as night frosts in this region can occur even in late May.

Climate features in the Moscow region, problems and growing conditions

The moderate continental climate of the Moscow region is ideal for growing peppers.acceptable amount of moisture with optimal temperature V summer period create bfavorable conditions for plant development. However, local climate conditions still force gardeners to carefully select varieties.

In spring the weather is unstable and can present a surprise in the form of recurrent frosts (a temporary drop in temperature below 0°C usually at night or early in the morning). This happens periodically in May.

Winter can also arrive quite early and unexpectedly, when late-season varieties haven't yet completed their full growing cycle. Emergency measures must be taken to save the peppers: water the soil thoroughly, create smoke screens in windless weather, and insulate the plants with paper, polyethylene, lutrasil, etc. All of this requires additional effort.

Taking these factors into account, it's important to select early- or mid-season varieties whose biological activity won't overlap with risky growing seasons. Furthermore, the varieties should be zoned (adapted to the region's weather and soil conditions, and resistant to local diseases and pests).

Summer is not always predictable either: due to the activity of cyclones it can be damp and rainy, and when anticyclones invade and dominate — Very hot and dry. For this reason, for open-air cultivation, it's important to choose peppers that form more compact, densely foliated plants and can continue growing even under high temperatures.

Due to the extended growing season in this climate zone pepper grown from seedlings. However, for better acclimatization, they must be hardened off. Before planting on the site (zA 10 days) it needs to be regularly taken out into the fresh air for 10-15 minutes.

Which sweet pepper variety should I choose for outdoor cultivation in my region?

From the wide variety of varieties and hybrids, gardeners prefer the most productive varieties that can be grown easily in local conditions. The selection listed in the table surpasses other sweet peppers in disease resistance, yield, flavor, and other criteria.

Variety	Taste and shape of the fruit	Plant height (cm)	Fruit length (cm) and weight (g)	Color at technical and biological maturity	Yield (kg/m3)2) and the number of days from germination to technical maturity
Atlantic F1	slightly spicy elongated-cuboid	90-100	up to 20 450-470	deep green, dark red	12 109-113
Winnie the Pooh	sweet and juicy sharp cone	40	10 45-70	from light green to red	up to 5 110
Hercules	sweet, juicy cuboid	up to 50	12 200-220-	from green to red	2.5-3 105-115
Gogoshary	sweetish-spicy, with a slight honey tint round, with lobed parts	35-45	5-7 50-130	first dark-green, then deep redyy, maybepurple	up to 5 110
Golden calf	tender, juicy cuboid	70-75	10-14 100-180	first deep green, then yellow-orange	2.5-3.5 115-135
Agapovsky	pleasant, gentle prismatic	up to 90	up to 12 114-120	from dark green to red	9.5-10.3 99-120
Dobrynya	sweet cylindrical	60	7-10 up to 90	green, red	11.2-14.3 88-92
A gift from Moldova	sweetish cone-shaped	40-45	10-14 100-150	from green and light green to dark red	6-8 120-130
Ox ear	juicy, sweet conical, corrugated	70-75	12-16 120-150	dark green, deep red	2-3 120-130
Beloserka	sweetish, juicy Toonus-shapedayah, with 2-3 edges and a pointed top	50-80	15 80-140	from light green, white and yellow to red	up to 8 110-115

The best hot pepper varieties for open ground in the Moscow region with descriptions

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The selection of hot peppers is also impressive. It's important to note that planting them next to sweet peppers in a garden can result in cross-pollination, which can alter their original flavor.

Variety	Number of days from germination to technical maturity	Plant height (cm)	Color at technical and biological maturity	Fruit weight (g) and length (cm)	Fruit shape and taste	Yield (kg/m3)2)
Adjika	110-120	50-100	light green, red	40-50 up to 16	elongated-conical spicy	up to 4
Miracle of the Moscow Region	100-110	135-150	light yellow, red	30-40 21-25	cone-shaped not very spicy, with sweet notes	3.9
A fiery bouquet	100	up to 45	green, scarlet or burgundy-red	15-29 12	conical, strongly elongated very hot, pungent	2-2.3
Dragon's tongue	95-105	60-70	green, red	14-18 10-12	proboscis-shaped, narrow spicy (7 points out of 10)	1.2-2
Bouquet of the East F1	111-115	80-100	dark green, red	90-130 up to 10	conical, with a pointed tip semi-sharp, not hot	5.5-6
Astrakhan 147	120-145	50-65	deep green, red	12-13 6-9	cone-shaped spicy	1.3-2.8
Chinese fire F1	90-100	50-60	dark green, dark red	70 8-10	proboscis-shaped burning	2.6-2.8
Cayenne	130-140	60-90	green, bright red	40-80 10-12	elongated-curved cone the most acute	up to 2.5
Super Chili F1	70-80	40-60	green, cherry red	16-25 6-7	elongated-conical very hot	4.5
Fire Maiden	115	100-140	green, red	3.5 5	elongated-conical fiery, sharp	0.7
Red Fat Man	120-140	50-60	from green to dark red	60-90 16-18	cone-shaped sharp, burning	2.5-3

The most popular types are:

Variety Adjika IIt is versatile. It is used as a spice in various forms: raw, dried, and ground. The fruit has thick, fleshy pulp.
Adjika
Miracle of the Moscow Region It is distinguished by a fairly tall bush with a strong stem and large, slightly sharp fruits.
Miracle of the Moscow Region
Early ripening variety A fiery bouquet Thanks to the thin walls of the pungent-tasting fruits, they are well suited for drying.
A fiery bouquet
Early ripening Dragon's tongue Renowned for its unique fruit shape and strong peppery aroma, it is used in paprika, pickling, and canning.
Dragon's tongue
Bouquet of the East F1 — mid-season and medium-sized hybrid, not very spicy in taste.
East F1
The Astrakhan 147 is designed specifically for unprotected soil. It adapts perfectly to a variety of environmental conditions.
Astrakhan 147
Chinese fire F1 It has a good marketable appearance. Its fruiting is not affected by sudden temperature fluctuations. It is one of the most pungent.
Chinese Fire F1
Cayenne Pepper is very popular around the world. It is characterized by a bright, piquant aroma and intense heat.
Cayenne
Super Chili F1 — low-growing, early-ripening and high-yielding bitter hybrid.
Superchili F1
The Fire Maiden is not particularly noted for its productivity, but due to its aromatic and flavorful qualities (very hot pepper), it is actively used in cooking.
Fire Maiden
The mid-season Red Tolstyak variety, thanks to its thick skin, transforms the taste of preserves, marinades, and fermented dishes.
Red Fat Man

Frequently asked questions about growing

Is it true that peppers need to be planted closely together to get very large fruits?

Good fruits in open ground can be obtained with an optimal distance between bushes: 25-30 cm (low-growing);30-35 cm (medium-sized);40-45 cm (tall).Planting too densely will prevent the plants from receiving sufficient light. Furthermore, caring for them will be more difficult.

Will the harvest be greater if I plant 2 plants per hole?

It's advisable to distribute the seedlings evenly across the area, as dense planting will create mutual shading, impairing photosynthesis. The overall yield may increase slightly, but the productivity of each individual plant in the pair will decrease. The advantages of growing two plants per hole include improved soil stability and pollination, as well as increased survival after mole crickets.

Do peppers need to be tied up?

Only tall varieties and hybrids require tying.

What grows better in the Moscow region – hybrids or original varieties?

Original varieties are more unpretentious, they better tolerate sudden temperature changes and are less demanding in terms of growing conditions, but compared to hybrids, their yield is less stable.

INPeppers can be grown successfully in unprotected soil in the Moscow region, yielding a good harvest.However, in addition to following the rules of necessary agricultural practices, it is important to choose the right varieties or hybrids.

Early and mid-season peppers are suitable for this region. Compact bushes are preferred. Otherwise, gardeners can tailor cultivar characteristics (yield, variety intended use, flavor and aroma, presentation, transportability, shelf life, etc.) to their preferences.