Ultra-early tomato varieties resistant to diseases and frost

Tomato yield is directly dependent on several factors. These include seed variety, seed quality, the conditions in which the seedlings were grown, the growing conditions of the tomato plant (greenhouse or open ground), watering, fertilizing, treatment, the tomato's resistance to various infections, and soil composition.

The foundation for the future harvest begins when purchasing seeds. No tomato variety is 100% resistant to late blight and other fungal diseases. Don't trust the flashy advertising about the absolute resistance of a new super hybrid. However, some tomato varieties are more resilient to unpleasant weather surprises than others.

Early tomato varieties

Gardeners plant tomatoes for fresh consumption, pickling, salads, and canning. Early and super-early varieties are good because they produce their main harvest before late blight sets in. Greenhouses are humid and warm. The microclimate is ideal for tomato growth and fruiting. However, it is also favorable for billions of bacteria and viruses. Therefore, to obtain a large quantity of tomatoes under cover in regions with extensive farming practices, professional gardeners:

• carry out preventative treatments of greenhouses against diseases at the beginning and end of the season;
• select the earliest varieties suitable for this region;
• They select varieties that are more resistant to late blight and temperature fluctuations.

Firebird F1

A hybrid variety bred in Siberia for greenhouse cultivation in harsh climates. It begins to bear fruit 3-3.5 months after planting. The bush grows to 60-90 cm, has a large foliage mass, and requires tying to a support. The bush is compact, with 5 seedlings per square meter. The orange tomatoes weigh 130 to 150 g and are arranged in clusters of 7. Indoors, with proper care, they can be grown from 1 Firebird bush They produce up to 13 kg of tomatoes.

The tomatoes are covered with a thin skin and have a unique flavor. The skin, which is resistant to cracking, contains few seeds. The fruits are used primarily in vegetable slices and salads, but are also suitable for canning and pickling. They contain high levels of beta-carotene and ascorbic acid, making orange tomato juice both tasty and nutritious. Advantages of the hybrid:

• forms ovaries even in cool weather;
• transportable;
• is resistant to tobacco mosaic;
• can be stored for a long time;
• does not react negatively to lack of moisture in the soil;
• undemanding to weather conditions;
• You can pick ripe and unripe fruits together.

Prima Donna F1

This hybrid was developed through selective breeding by Russian scientists. The first tomatoes can be harvested 90-95 days after planting. It grows up to 130 cm, has a sturdy stem covered with fine bristles, and medium foliage. The bushes require support. In greenhouses, each bush yields 8 kg of tomatoes. The fruits, weighing up to 120 g, are red, round, and have a pimple at the end.

The fruit has a sweet and sour flavor, thin skin, and no cracking. The flesh is firm and fleshy. Tomatoes are valuable for their high nutritional value, which is preserved even after cooking. They are best eaten fresh or in salads. They can also be frozen, dried, or used to make juices and pastes.

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Advantages:

• transportable;
• resistant to verticillium wilt, alternaria, tobacco mosaic;
• ripens quickly;
• has a long shelf life;
• bears fruit under unfavorable weather conditions.

Mikado

Of the early varieties, the following is known: Mikado Pink, bred by Moscow breeders. Grows up to 180 cm in height. Requires mandatory staking; the plant is trained into a single trunk, with side shoots removed. It begins to bear fruit in 95-110 days. The fruits are pink and very large, weighing up to 350 g. However, only the lower branches produce this size. The higher the cluster, the smaller the tomato. Suitable for salads and fresh eating. The pink fruits are slightly flattened and have an excellent flavor. One plant produces about 2 kg of tomatoes, and 1 square meter yields about 5 kg. Advantages:

• has large fruits;
• characterized by excellent taste of fruits;
• In closed ground it is not affected by late blight.

Flaws:

• in open ground, when late blight is rampant, it becomes infected immediately;
• has a low yield;
• Fruit cracking is possible.

Even in risky farming zones, experienced gardeners grow good tomato crops. This requires early, disease-resistant varieties that can bear fruit in cool weather, protected soil, proper care, including watering, fertilizing, sucker removal, preventative soil and plant treatments, and fertile soil.