Types and principles of operation of bacteria for septic tanks

A private home or cottage not connected to a centralized sewer system still needs an environmentally friendly and convenient way to dispose of liquid waste. For this purpose, storage tanks are created to suit the budget and needs of the owners: cesspools or septic tanks, optionally equipped with a water drain and an aerator for forced air injection.

The environment created inside the tank is ideal for the growth of bacteria, including pathogens, and also produces unpleasant odors that are difficult to eliminate or mask. Owners use chlorine-based products for disinfection and deodorization, and call sewage disposal trucks to remove the contents.

This solution is effective, but not without its drawbacks. Aggressive chemicals, if released into groundwater, can harm people and the environment, and sewage disposal services are expensive.

Types of bacteria for septic tanks

It's much simpler and cheaper to use bioactivators for wastewater, which accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, kill other microorganisms, and eliminate odors. Scientists have thoroughly studied the properties of bacteria and the optimal conditions for their growth, creating products based on their discoveries that offer a number of advantages.

It was found that some bacteria do not require oxygen to breathe. In their natural habitat, they live in deep swamps and facilitate the decomposition of organic matter.

Without the need for an air supply, they can operate successfully even in environments with high levels of heavy metals, petroleum products, and other harmful impurities. This makes them suitable for industrial wastewater treatment.

Anaerobic treatment

Anaerobic microorganisms do not require forced aeration, significantly reducing operating costs. Their activity produces biogas, which can be used as an alternative energy source for the wastewater treatment plant itself. Biogas has a characteristic methane odor; simply dispersing into the air, it can be extremely unpleasant for owners. Therefore, anaerobic bacteria are primarily used in summer cottages and country houses where the owners are not permanently present.

Aerobic treatment

Aerobic bacteria require an air supply and die if the compressor is turned off. The air supply system requires electricity and periodic cleaning. Aerobic bacteria do not emit unpleasant odors and can remove up to 97% of organic contaminants. The resulting product is water that can be used for industrial purposes and a mineral sediment. After composting, this becomes an excellent fertilizer, increasing the fertility of the soil in your garden.

Bioactivators

The best results are achieved by using a mixture of both bacteria, with added nutrients and growth catalysts, such as Biosept, available in granule and powder form. The granule form is suitable for reservoirs with no water movement. A large amount, corresponding to the volume of the pit, is added once and remains effective for a long time.

The powder formulation is more suitable for septic tanks with a water drain and is applied in smaller doses, but once every two weeks. A more cost-effective alternative is "Green Pine."

Makzim and Bionet are excellent products for cleaning pipes, drainage wells, and filter trenches. While not as fast-acting as their chemical counterparts, they are environmentally friendly and safe to use. Their gentle action means they do not harm pumps or other mechanisms, and they do not corrode metal or crack rubber parts. The manufacturer recommends reducing the load on the sewer system while the product is in effect. Treatment is typically performed overnight or before leaving.

It is enough to regularly use bioactivators in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to ensure that the sewer system remains in order and serves properly for many years.