A large catalog of 45 varieties of autumn apple trees

Those planning to plant an apple orchard should carefully select the variety. In addition to the apple tree's ability to produce a good harvest, the variety chosen must be adapted to the region's climate. Furthermore, every gardener wants to harvest before the first frost and store the fruit until early summer of the following year. Planting autumn-season apple varieties is a good choice for long-term storage.

Late-ripening varieties

Late-ripening varieties are suitable for long-term storage. Provided the proper temperature and humidity conditions are met in the bins, apples of these varieties remain marketable until June-July of the following season and are suitable for commercial use. The apple varieties and hybrids, with their names and descriptions, presented in this article are favorites of gardeners in many regions of the former USSR.

Bellefleur Chinese

Over a hundred years ago, a hybrid form of this variety was created by pollinating two varieties: Yellow Bellefleur and Common Chinese Large-fruited. Grafted onto a mentor scion, it is adapted to harsh climates. Due to its characteristics, the hybrid can be grown in any region.

The hybrid form produces tall trees with a broad, rounded crown and rich green foliage. Fruits at the technical maturity stage vary in weight: most apples weigh 120-180 g, while a quarter reach 400-550 g.

Some amateur gardeners specifically grow this variety in order to use the largest fruits at exhibitions and regular fairs of wide significance.

During harvest season—mid- to late September—the hybrid's fruits are a soft yellow. Within two to three weeks, the apples turn a delicate pink. Ripe fruits are juicy, sweet, and slightly tart. Planted apple trees begin to yield fruit in the fourth year. Yields remain consistent throughout the seasons.

Despite the large fruit, they never fall from the tree, even when damaged by pests and diseases. Distinguishing characteristics:

• good taste;
• stable yield every year;
• too late ripening of fruits.

Bogatyr

A late-ripening variety, developed around ninety years ago by the original scientist S. Chernenko. To this day, autumn apples of this variety are harvested by fruit growers in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova.

Trees of this variety grow to 4-5 meters. The combined width of all branches and leaves located at the top of the plant reaches up to 7 meters. Fruits form primarily on short shoots with underdeveloped lateral buds. Two to three apples form on a single fruiting branch.

The fruits are round with a tapered calyx. When ripe, apples of this variety are a soft green color with fine-grained, firm, snow-white flesh. The fruit has a sweet flavor with a distinct aroma. An average apple of this variety weighs 150-170 g, with some reaching 350-420 g. Characteristics:

• stable high yields every year;
• good transportability;
• maintaining marketable appearance after long-term storage;
• unattractive light green color at harvest maturity;
• a high percentage of damage to epidermal cells on the skin of ripe apples.

Bolotovskoye

An apple tree created at the breeding center in 1977 by the originators and distinguished scientists V. Zhdanov and E. Sedov. It is a hybrid form, derived from two parent varieties: Skryzhapel and Obilnotsvetuschaya.

A fast-growing plant reaching a height of 9-11 m. It has sparse, rounded upper branches and leaves, and light-brown shoots with a slight pubescence. It produces fruit on both ring shoots and skeletal growth. It is characterized by a consistently high yield of up to 145 centners per hectare.

It does not self-pollinate, so it must be planted with other varieties nearby. The average fruit weight reaches 140-160 g. Harvest begins in the second or third ten days of September, depending on the region. During this period, the fruits have a yellow-green skin, which turns light yellow after three to four weeks of storage. Distinguishing characteristics:

• good quality of fruits even after long-term storage;
• resistance to the pathogen Venturia inaequalis (scab);
• fruit shedding due to delayed harvesting.

Gala

This late-season variety, with a two-chromosome ploidy, was developed in the early 1970s by amateur breeder D. Kidd. It was obtained through repeated crosses using seedlings of the parent varieties.

A medium-height plant with a spreading oval crown and sparse trunk branches. It is tolerant of short-term temperature drops, but begins to suffer from disease after prolonged frosts. It produces uniform, medium-sized fruits, weighing 120-150 g.

The maximum weight of a single fruit does not exceed 175 g. The apple is round, slightly conical, and slightly ribbed. It has a yellow-green color and a firm, juicy core with a sweet, slightly tart flavor. Characteristics:

• unpretentiousness in cultivation;
• early maturity;
• high yield.
• poor winter hardiness;
• uneven ripening;
• lack of marketable appearance.

Grushevka

The best autumn apple variety among existing rarities. Known to botanists for over 210 years, this plant was described by the renowned eighteenth-century botanist A. Bolotov. Many gardeners plant it in their gardens throughout the former USSR.

Spreading trees Grushevka Reaching heights of 6m-9m, and with proper agricultural practices, the plant can produce crops for up to 65 years. Its spherical crown is formed by densely foliated, long branches reaching 7.5m in length.

The weight of one fruit at the stage of technical maturity is 50-75 g, the largest indicator of one apple is 125 g. The fruit is round-oval, narrowing towards the top, has a green-yellow color with small dots-birthmarks.

It has juicy flesh and a sweet, slightly tart flavor. The harvest ripens in the first to third ten days of September and retains its quality for three to four months without losing flavor or appearance.

Distinctive features:

• good winter hardiness inherited from “wild ancestors”;
• rapid adaptation and high survival rate of seedlings;
• high, annually increasing yields.
• uneven ripening of fruits.

Lobo

At the end of the last century, apple trees with an incomprehensible name began to appear in the gardens of Ukraine and Belarus. "lob"In Mexican and American parlance, this word means "timber wolf," and the seedlings first arrived from a Canadian province, where they were bred through natural pollination using the Mackentosh variety. Its flavor is so prized by Americans that it is included in the mandatory menu in schools and kindergartens.

The plants have an oval crown, medium vigor, and grow vigorously in the first few years after planting as a seedling. As they mature, the apical portion rounds out and becomes more sparse. Young seedlings have cherry-colored shoots and large, rich green, oval-shaped leaves. Each apple weighs up to 190 g and is characterized by a rounded, elongated shape. The flesh is loose, white-yellow, and has a sweet and sour taste.

The plant produces fruit even after winters with temperatures down to -35 degrees Celsius. Characteristic features:

• drought resistance;
• high and stable yields;
• a product suitable even for long-distance transportation;
• damage by fungal diseases due to high humidity in summer.

For a long time

A late-autumn-ripening cultivar developed by American pioneers. It is classified as a member of the wild sorrel group.

A medium-sized plant, reaching 6 m at eight years of age, it is sometimes grown as a tall shrub. It has a compact, densely foliated, pyramidal crown and dark plum-colored young branches with light hairs.

Each fruit weighs 12-18 g. The skin is matte, light cherry-colored, with a purple tint. The fruit is oval in shape, reminiscent of a miniature pomegranate. Apple trees ripen in the first or second ten days of September.

Takes a long time to reach harvestable maturity. Properties:

• resistance to scab;
• high frost resistance;
• decorativeness;
• non-annual fruiting;
• short shelf life.

Cinnamon Striped

A rare cultivar of folk selection. The first mention of this plant dates back to 1800. Since then, the plant has not been improved by breeders, but has been crossed with other species, giving rise to 18 modern varieties.

Tree Striped Cinnamon It has a spreading form with all branches and leaves located at the top of the plant. For five years after planting, the seedling directs all its energy toward increasing its height.

In the sixth or seventh year, the crown expands and becomes dense. The branches are very thin, with virtually no growth in the lower part. This trait ensures good ventilation and additional protection from pathogens.

Fruits formed on last year's shoots average 75–100 g in weight, with a maximum of 160 g. They are distinguished by their turnip-like shape and sweet flesh with a cinnamon aftertaste. Distinguishing characteristics:

• winter hardiness;
• adaptation to unfavorable conditions;
• unique taste of fruits;
• scab resistance;
• harvesting only 6 years after planting the seedling.

Cinnamon New (September)

A proprietary hybrid by Russian originator S. Isaev, obtained by crossing two parent varieties: Welsi and Cinnamon Striped.

This hybrid form is a vigorous tree with excellent vigor. It has a densely foliated conical crown with dark green leaves that are pointed at the tips. The average yield of mature plants, when all cultivation practices are followed, is up to 170-190 centners per hectare.

The hybrid's fruits are round, tapering toward the tip, and weigh 160-180 g. They have a dense yellow skin with irregular pink-red stripes. They are distinguished by a pleasant aroma and a dessert-like flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• good transportability;
• resistance to damage by fungal spores;
• fruiting only begins in the seventh year after planting.

Radiant

A hybrid variety bred in Belarus, developed fifty years ago at the Institute of Fruit Growing using the parent varieties Banana and Lavfam. The southern and southwestern regions of the former USSR are favorable for growing this hybrid.

The plant is characterized by medium vigor, reaching a height of 4-5 m. It has straight, upward-growing branches, spaced sparsely along the trunk. The bark of the mature tree is gray-brown, and the fruits at the technical maturity stage are very large, weighing 220-250 g.

Each fruit is shaped like a flattened ball with a small crater in the center, has a soft, glossy skin, and white-yellow, sweet, juicy flesh. After harvest, the fruit can be stored for three to four months at temperatures between 6 and 8 degrees Celsius. The first harvest occurs between the second and fourth years after planting. Characteristics:

• high yield;
• mild scab infestation;
• good appearance;
• instability to rot;
• short shelf life.

Mackintosh (Khoroshevka, Autumn Red-sided)

A tree with Canadian ancestry, discovered by chance by farmer D. McIntosh in the eighteenth century. Upon purchasing the farm, the Canadian discovered several dozen saplings of unknown origin growing on his property. After tending the plants for several years, the farmer was able to save only one sapling, which bore fruit for about a hundred years. The surviving plant, which gave birth to new saplings through grafting, was named in honor of its discoverer.

Mackintosh trees are shaped like a pointed pyramid, reminiscent of the coniferous thuya. The fruits grow irregularly, with varying shades and textures. The fruit reaches 140–170 g, is medium-large, and yellow-green with abstract purple spots. It has a rounded-elongated shape, tapering toward the apex. It features a juicy, fine-grained, sweet interior with a caramel aftertaste. Distinguishing qualities:

• long lifespan and fruiting;
• transportability;
• unusual caramel flavor;
• non-simultaneous maturation.

Orlovskoe striped

A late-autumn hybrid developed in the early 1960s at the All-Russian Institute of Selection. It was created through cross-pollination of two parent varieties: McIntosh and Bessemyanka. Ten years later, the hybrid was recognized as an elite variety, hailed as the best apple variety for central Russia.

A medium-sized plant with a root system that extends only 2.8 meters deep. It has a densely foliated, round crown with flexible branches. It is distinguished by a large cluster of ovoid foliage at the ends of the branches. It produces large fruits, reaching an average weight of 130 g and a maximum of 250 g.

Each fruit is distinctively turnip-shaped, elongated at the top. When ripe, the apples are light orange with raspberry-red highlights. The inside is white and yellow, juicy, and has a sweet and sour flavor. Harvesting of the Orlovsky Striped apple begins in the first ten days of September, and it is stored at temperatures no higher than 10 degrees Celsius until the New Year.

Characteristic features:

• early fruit bearing;
• resistance to the fungus Venturia inaequalis;
• short shelf life.

In memory of Isaev

In memory of the scientist and breeder S. Isaev, his students and followers created a hybrid apple tree by crossing the parent varieties Krasnobokaia Antonovka and SR 0523. This late-autumn-ripening hybrid has earned high praise from gardeners across the region due to its resistance to frosts down to -40 degrees Celsius.

Trees of the hybrid "Pamyati Isaev" are characterized by vigorous growth, reaching a height of 4.5–5 m. They have a round crown with medium foliage and large fruits weighing 170–210 g.

With proper crown formation, the maximum fruit weight reaches 300 g. The apple has a round, slightly flattened shape and sweet, tart white-yellow flesh. It has a subtle apple-peach aroma. Distinguishing qualities:

• winter hardiness up to -42 degrees;
• resistance to the first to fourth races of scab;
• increased productivity.

Lithuanian Pepin (Altai Pepin)

A cultivar developed through artificial selection. At temperatures no higher than 4 degrees Celsius, apples of this variety can be stored until early February and are ideal for pickling and curing in barrels.

Fast-growing, medium-sized plants with a drooping, densely foliated crown have twisted grey-brown branches.

The fruits are medium-sized, barrel-shaped, white-yellow in color, with a pinkish-red spot on the side where sunlight illuminates. Harvest occurs in the first or second ten days of September, and at temperatures of 8 to 9 degrees Celsius, they last until the end of January. Characteristics:

• improved early fruiting;
• productivity;
• taste qualities;
• lack of resistance to pathogenic attack.

Christmas

A young Russian variety, developed by the original scientists Z. Serova, V. Zhdanov, E. Sedov, and E. Dolmatov.

A medium-sized tree characterized by rapid growth. In the second or third year after planting, the seedling gains 50 to 75 cm in length each season. It has a medium-sized, pyramid-shaped crown with leaves. It produces fruit weighing 130 to 190 g on annual shoots. The maximum weight is 220 g.

The apples have a dense, glossy, light-yellow skin with a scarlet spot on the side and small gray specks, and firm, sweet-and-tart flesh. In the central and northern regions, the apple harvest begins in late autumn. This is also the beginning of their consumer season. Distinguishing characteristics:

• immunity to scab;
• long shelf life;
• increased productivity;
• non-simultaneous maturation;
• fruit shedding during strong wind and rain.

Sava

A Moldovan autumn-winter dessert variety. Thanks to its soft, juicy flesh, apples of this variety are considered the best for baby food.

A medium-sized plant that begins bearing fruit 3-4 years after planting. The fruits are large, averaging 160-180 g per fruit. They are yellow-green with blurred carmine-red stripes, a creamy, fine-grained interior, and thin skin.

Fruits harvested at the technical ripeness stage do not have a good marketable appearance. After ripening at an air temperature of +10°C (50°F) for two weeks, the skin color becomes vibrant, and the apples acquire a beautiful appearance. At temperatures of +4°C (4°F) to +8°C (4°F to 48°F), they can be stored until early March. Features:

• resistance to temperatures below -30 degrees;
• resistance to scab, Erwinia amylovora bacteria;
• lack of attractive appearance at the time of removal.

Glory to the victors

A hybrid form created nearly a hundred years ago at a Ukrainian experimental station by plant breeder P. Tsekhmistrenko using two parent varieties: Mackintosh and Papirovka. The plant inherited the best qualities from its parents, becoming popular not only in the former USSR but also abroad. It adapts to various climatic conditions, growing in all regions.

This vigorous hybrid has a vigorous, spreading, pyramid-shaped apex that transforms into an oval shape after six to seven years. In cold climates, harvesting occurs in early September; in warm climates, it's two weeks earlier.

This hybrid variety produces medium-large fruits weighing 150–210 g on rhizomes and one-year-old branches. The fruit is oval-shaped with slight corrugations, a firm skin, and juicy yellow-white flesh. Slava Pobeditelyam apples have a distinct aroma and a sweet and sour flavor. Characteristics:

• presentation;
• frost resistance;
• pronounced aroma;
• fruit drop due to lack of moisture.

Spartan

A Canadian high-yielding hybrid developed by cross-pollinating two parent varieties. Due to the urgent need for a hybrid apple variety with a marketable appearance and long shelf life, Canadian breeders developed Spartan, which was introduced to the USSR thirty years ago. It is suitable for cultivation in the central and western regions.

This hybrid is characterized by vigorous growth, reaching heights of 5-7 meters. With all necessary agricultural practices, it begins bearing fruit in the second to fourth year after planting, increasing its yield with each season. A seven-year-old tree yields 20-30 kg of apples.

It has small dark green leaves and round, yellow-red fruits. Each fruit averages 130-150 g. Despite this weight, the apples hold firmly to the stem and do not fall off even after strong winds. Distinguishing characteristics:

• annual fruiting;
• good transportability;
• storage up to eight months;
• instability to frosts below -28 degrees.

Teremok

A hybrid apple tree developed by Ukrainian scientists V. Kopan and K. Kopan from the Institute of Horticulture by crossing two hybrids: Grieve Rouge and 25/2-D. The resulting apple tree is not resistant to severe frosts.

However, the marketable appearance of the fruit and its undemanding nature in terms of care have made the apple tree a favorite of many gardeners living in the southern and southwestern regions.

The Teremok is a medium-sized tree with a round, sparse crown. Each conical fruit weighs 190-210 g. The fruit has orange-red skin and juicy, firm flesh with a sweet and sour taste. Characteristics:

• early fruit bearing;
• good presentation;
• resistance to fungal diseases;
• kidney damage at temperatures from -25 degrees.

Uralets

A variety developed by Ukrainian agronomist P. Dibrov around 150 years ago. Working at the Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station, the breeder collected valuable seedlings and crossed them to create new varieties and hybrids. After cross-pollinating three varieties: Striped Anis, Saratov Ukrainka, and Wax Kitayka, the Uralets variety was born.

The tree is distinguished by its broad trunk, a height of up to 10 m, and a broad pyramidal crown. The average fruit weight is 45–55 g. The fruit is cone-shaped with a truncated tip and light brown skin with raspberry stripes. The flesh is a soft yellow, juicy, and has a sweet and tangy flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• resistance to pathogens and viruses;
• not a long shelf life.

Delight

This variety, well-known to gardeners in central Russia, was developed about fifty years ago by scientist and breeder S. Isaev. By crossing wild apple trees with the cultivated varieties Narodnoe and Severyanka, the originator obtained a new variety with delicious fruits.

The tree is characterized by rapid growth, reaching a height of 5-6 m, with a dense, spherical crown that requires pruning. The average fruit weight is 110-140 g, with a maximum of 180 g. The apple skin is dense, light green, with an orange-red blush.

The flesh is pinkish-white, firm, and juicy, with a sweet, slightly tart flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• frost resistance;
• scab resistance;
• the need for crown formation.

Champion

A Czech-bred hybrid, developed in 1970 at the Experimental Station by crossing two parent varieties: Golden Delicious and Orange Reinette. The hybrid immediately gained popularity among gardeners across Europe.

The hybrid tree is compact, and its height depends on the plant variety onto which the cutting with the bud is grafted.

If the seedling on which the layer is rooted is dwarfed, the Champion will bear fruit the following year after planting. It produces very large fruits, reaching 180-210 g. They are light green in color with diffuse orange-red stripes throughout the apple.

Characteristic features:

• early fruit bearing;
• good presentation;
• annual fruiting;
• average resistance to frost and fire blight.

For the Middle Volga region

The area along the Volga River enjoys a temperate climate. Growing fruit in these regions requires consideration of the crop's specific characteristics. A description of varieties and hybrids suitable for the Middle Volga region, complete with photographs, will help you choose the right seedling.

Scarlet anise

A rare variety, created through artificial selection and grown in Russian gardens for approximately 150 years. It was created through natural cloning of a similar cultivar.

A vigorous cultivar with a non-spreading, spherical top. The turnip-shaped, corrugated fruits are light green with a waxy coating and weigh 110-125 g. The interior is juicy, tart, and slightly sugary. Characteristics:

• beautiful appearance;
• possibility of long-distance transportation;
• instability to the pathogen Venturia pirina.

Striped anise

A new variety that emerged through artificial selection in Volga region orchards over 200 years ago. These autumn apples are grown not only in home gardens but also on an industrial scale. The extensive "cloned Anise apple family" was used by the originators to develop new hybrids.

The plant has a pyramidal, medium-leaved apex that expands in width after 8-10 years. It begins bearing fruit in the fifth season. Each fruit weighs 110-130 g. The smooth skin is covered with a waxy layer and has bright crimson, blurred stripes. The interior is sand-colored, medium-grained, and sweet. Distinguishing characteristics:

• stress resistance;
• irregular fruiting;
• frequent infection with downy mildew.

Antonovka ordinary

A crop developed through artificial selection, it has been cultivated for over a hundred years by gardeners in Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus. Its origins lie in the hands of amateur fruit growers who created the new variety by cross-pollinating wild and cultivated varieties.

The plant has an oval apex, which transforms into a spherical shape after 8-10 years. Fruits at the technical ripeness stage are yellow-green, ribbed, weigh 285-335 g, and have creamy, tart flesh. After storing ripe apples for a month, the aroma intensifies several times, and the sugar level increases. Characteristic features:

• adaptability of apple trees to growing in different regions;
• high yield;
• resistance to diseases and frost;
• not long-term storage.

Arkad Tenkovsky

An apple tree bred by agronomist G. Rozanova through the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the pistil. It has been cultivated by gardeners in the Middle Volga region for over 60 years.

A medium-sized plant with a densely foliated, conical top. It produces conical, corrugated fruits weighing 95-115 g. It is distinguished by a thin, pale yellow, glossy skin without a waxy coating. Distinguishing characteristics:

• ability to withstand long-distance transportation;
• moderate resistance to fungal spores and infections;
• the need for secondary pollination.

Bashkir handsome man

A rare variety obtained through natural pollination of wild and cultivated forms.

The cultivar is not characterized by vigorous growth, but has a pyramidal, medium-leafed apex. Fruits reach 80-100 g. When treated with complex fertilizers throughout the season, the fruit weight reaches 145-165 g. It has a rough, glossy skin with a waxy coating. The snow-white interior has a sweet-tart flavor with a hint of bitterness. Features:

• increased productivity;
• storage 5-6 months;
• resistance to pathogens and viruses.

Borovinka

An ancient variety, created through natural pollination of wild and cultivated varieties. According to one theory, the apple tree was named after Boravin, a gardener from Tula who cultivated new plant species.

This medium-sized plant, reaching 6.5-7.5 m in height at 15 years, has a rounded, sparsely foliated top. It produces spherical fruits weighing 195-255 g. The shiny skin is marked with pink-red asymmetrical stripes and fine specks. The subcutaneous part is firm, sweet, and slightly tart. After storing the apples for 20-35 days, the acidity decreases, and the flesh becomes extremely sweet. Distinguishing qualities:

• undemanding to care;
• high stable yields;
• frost resistance;
• falling of ripe apples during strong wind and rain.

Michurinskaya seedless

A hybrid variety developed by I. Michurin by crossing two varieties: Komsinskaya Bessemyanka and Skryzhapel. It is popular among both amateur gardeners and vineyards.

This tall, round-topped cultivar has a few strong, woody shoots. The above-average-sized fruits, weighing 225-255 g, are distinguished by their round, symmetrical shape and glossy, light-green skin with a red blush. The skin has a waxy coating. The light-yellow subcutaneous tissue has a sweet-tart dessert flavor and a pleasant aroma. Characteristics:

• improved commercial qualities;
• annual harvest;
• shedding of ripe apples in strong winds.

Volga beauty

A late-autumn hybrid bred by the original scientist I. Rozanova by crossing two parent varieties: Krüdner Reinette and Borovinka. They keep their flavor until early March and are ideal for home and commercial preserves.

The tree is distinguished by vigorous growth and a round, densely foliated crown. The fruits weigh 135–185 g and are flattened to a round shape. The fruit's skin is thick, yellow-cream, with asymmetrical pink-red stripes. The snow-white interior has a dessert-like flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• long shelf life;
• transportability;
• immunity to the ascomycete fungus Venturia inaequalis;
• the need for apple pollinators.

Zhigulevskoye

A hybrid obtained by Samara originators as a result of grafting parent varieties onto a mentor.

A fast-growing plant with a rounded apex. Harvesting begins in the third or fourth season, in late September. It produces fruits, reaching 245-325 g, with a corrugated, spherical shape. The skin is thin, light green, with a blurred red rim. The subcutaneous part is light yellow, soft, and has a harmonious honey flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• stable yield;
• resistance to actinomycetes and bacteria;
• short shelf life;
• freezing of shoot rudiments during spring frosts.

Robin

A hybrid with a gene carrier of disease resistance, created by Russian plant breeders by crossing parental forms.

A hybrid cultivar with a round, medium-leafed top. The medium-sized fruits, reaching 125-145 g, have a round, flattened, corrugated shape. The glossy skin is yellow-green with asymmetrical red-pink streaks. The subcutaneous part is light yellow, dense, and juicy, with a taste reminiscent of homemade wine. Characteristic features:

• beautiful appearance;
• resistance to pathogens and viruses;
• fruit shedding due to delayed harvesting.

The Chosen One

A hybrid variety developed by Russian scientists through pollination of two parent varieties. Recommended for cultivation in the central and eastern regions.

The plant is characterized by moderate vigor and a sparsely leafy apex. The large, round, slightly corrugated fruits, reaching 180-280 g, are light yellow in color. The apples' light yellow skins are irregularly marked with red stripes of varying widths and brown specks. The interior is firm, juicy, and has a sweet and sour flavor. Requires pollinators for good fruiting. Distinguishing qualities:

• crown strength;
• short shelf life.

Lyubava

A late-autumn hybrid developed by Krasnoyarsk breeders through cross-pollination of two parent varieties. It begins bearing fruit eight to nine years after planting.

This vigorous cultivar has medium foliage. Lyubava's fruits are round and medium-sized, weighing 55-75g. The skin is light green and firm. The snow-white flesh is juicy, firm, and has a sweet and sour wine flavor. At temperatures between 6 and 10°C, the apples will keep until March. Characteristics:

• winter period of use;
• scab resistance;
• resistance to low levels of precipitation.

Autumn striped (Streifling)

A rare Baltic variety that has delighted gardeners in the former USSR for many years. It is a favorite among fruit growers in the Middle Volga region.

The tree is characterized by rapid growth, a funnel-shaped crown with drooping, powerful branches. The fruits are medium-sized, uneven, and corrugated, weighing 235–315 g. The skin is shiny, thin, and coated with a waxy substance. It is yellow-green with orange stripes. It begins bearing fruit in the ninth year, but mature plants produce high yields. Features:

• good yield of mature trees (up to 250 kg from one plant);
• weak drought resistance.

Autumn joy

A second-generation hybrid obtained by breeder I. Isaev by crossing two promising parent varieties. Thanks to the scientist's hard work, an apple tree with increased early maturity and yield was created.

A vigorous plant with a dense, oval crown that expands after ten years. Apples reach 115-145 g in weight at commercial maturity and are round-conical in shape. The skin is yellow-green with raspberry-red stripes and gray subcutaneous spots. The subcutaneous part is yellow-white, medium-dense, and has a sweet, tart flavor with a cinnamon aroma. Distinguishing qualities:

• frost resistance;
• abundant annual harvest;
• scab resistance;
• brittle wood in young seedlings.

Ural Bulk

A hybrid created by scientist P. Zhavoronkov by crossing the parent varieties Papirovka, Krasnaya Ranetka, and Uralskoye. The resulting apple tree tolerates spring frosts well and begins blooming in late May.

The medium-sized tree has a dense, round, drooping top. The apples are small, weighing 65-85 g. They have a glossy yellow-green skin and firm, juicy, sweet-tart flesh. This cultivar begins bearing fruit early, yielding up to 260 kg per tree. Features:

• adaptation to any cultivation conditions;
• transportability;
• small-fruitedness.

Welsh (Abundant, Tartus Rose, Fruitful)

A variety with American ancestry, which arrived in Russia at the end of the nineteenth century. Thanks to its qualities, the apple tree has been a favorite of most gardeners around the world for 150 years.

A medium-sized tree whose height depends on the mentor. On dwarf rootstocks, it grows up to 3 m, and on tall rootstocks, up to 6 m. The average fruit weight is 95–165 g. It has a round, symmetrical shape and a shiny yellow-green skin that develops a red blush when technically processed. The flesh is sweet with a pleasant tartness, firm and crisp. When stored at the right temperature, the apples will keep until early February without losing their flavor. Distinguishing qualities:

• winter hardiness up to -26 degrees;
• transportability;
• immunity to fungal diseases;
• dependence of taste on climatic conditions.

Young naturalist

A hybrid resulting from a cross between the Cinnamon Autumn and Welsh varieties, as well as the persistent work of breeder S. Isaev. A favorite variety among many gardeners in the Middle Volga region.

A vigorous tree with a round, densely foliated apex. It produces medium-sized, round fruits weighing 125-155 g. The yellow-green, glossy skin is marked with raspberry-red stripes and numerous small subcutaneous dots. The flesh is light yellow, juicy, medium-firm, and slightly tart. Features:

• high winter hardiness;
• resistance to scab;
• fruiting periodicity.

Varieties for the Moscow region

The Moscow region's climate is characterized by harsh winters and hot, rainy summers. When selecting apple tree seedlings for planting in this region, these characteristics must be taken into account. The most popular Varieties for the Moscow region with photos and descriptions will help you learn about the characteristics of each type and choose the best one.

Gordeevskoe

This variety is the result of the work of breeders at the All-Russian Selection and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery. Due to its characteristics, many gardeners call it "McIntosh's youngest son."

A medium-sized plant with a round, sparsely foliated top, bearing round, symmetrical fruits weighing 125-145 g. The fruit's skin is light green with scarlet tints on the sides. The interior is snow-white, crisp, and sweet with a tart flavor. Distinguishing characteristics:

• entering into fruiting in the seventh year;
• resistance to pathogen attack;
• fruit shedding when harvesting is delayed.

Muscovite

A hybrid apple tree developed by crossing two parent varieties: Isaevskoye Dessertnoye and Melba. The resulting variety has a stronger resistance to the ascomycete fungus Venturia inaequalis than its parents. It also tolerates temperatures down to -39°C.

This early-fruiting, medium-sized tree has a round, medium-leafed apex. It produces medium-sized fruits, reaching 145-205 g in weight, with a broadly conical, ribbed shape. The skin is white-green with a light red blush on all sides and numerous small specks. The interior is juicy, medium-firm, sweet, and has a harmonious flavor. Characteristic qualities:

• resistance to three races of scab;
• does not require crown shaping or pruning.

Oryol pioneer

A hybrid variety obtained by cross-pollinating two varieties: SR 0523 and Antonovka. After undergoing testing at the breeding institute, it is recommended for cultivation in central regions.

Medium-vigorous trees have a round, moderately dense crown. The medium-sized fruits, weighing 125-165 g, are turnip-shaped and have a glossy, dry, pale yellow skin. Most of the skin is covered with a diffuse blush of crimson streaks of varying sizes. The white-green core is juicy and has no distinct aroma. Distinguishing characteristics:

• increased immunity to four races of scab;
• good presentation;
• reduction in fruit size during overload.

Autumn Susova

A variety of uncertain genetic origin, it was selected from among the best seedlings about thirty years ago by its originator, scientist V. Susov. After testing, the plant proved to be a promising apple tree, recommended for cultivation in the Moscow, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Tver, Tula, and Yaroslavl regions.

A medium-sized plant with a round, spreading crown. It produces fruits weighing 105-125 g, elongated, symmetrical, and slightly ribbed. The yellow-red, dense skin has no subcutaneous moles. The snow-white flesh is juicy, medium-firm, and has a sweet and sour wine flavor. Characteristics:

• increased yield levels;
• relative resistance to the Venturia inaequalis genome;
• frost resistance.

Before purchasing an apple tree you like, carefully examine the hybrid or variety. The apple tree you purchase should meet all the requirements for the region where it will be grown.